Pergola Cost Estimator
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How it works
A pergola is architecture, not just shade — and pricing reflects that. Expect $30–65 per sq ft installed: pressure-treated pine at the low end, cedar in the middle, vinyl and aluminum at the top.
Material is a lifestyle choice as much as a budget one. Cedar looks unbeatable and ages to silver unless stained. Vinyl never needs paint but can look plasticky up close. Aluminum is the set-and-forget pick, especially with a louvered roof.
The top cover changes the function: open rafters give ~40% shade (and gorgeous light patterns); polycarbonate panels make it rain-usable; a louvered system opens and closes like blinds — at 3x the structure cost. Decide how you will actually use the space before paying for the roof.
Frequently asked questions
How much does a 12x16 pergola cost?
About $6,000–9,000 in pressure-treated pine, $8,000–12,000 in cedar, installed. Add $2,500–7,000 for a polycarbonate or louvered cover.
Cedar vs pressure-treated — which should I pick?
Cedar (~$45/sq ft installed) looks better and resists rot naturally; PT pine (~$32/sq ft) is the budget workhorse but needs staining to look good long-term. Both last 15–20+ years with care.
Attached or freestanding?
Attached is ~10% cheaper (fewer posts, house provides structure) and feels like a room extension. Freestanding can go anywhere — over a fire pit, hot tub, or garden — but needs full footings.
Do pergolas need footings?
Yes — concrete footings below the frost line (typically 36–48" deep in cold zones). Surface-mounted posts on a patio work only with proper anchors and a heavy enough slab.
Will a pergola keep rain off?
Open rafters: no. Shade cloth: light drizzle only. Polycarbonate panels: yes, with a slight slope for runoff. Louvered roofs: yes, and they open for sun.
Do I need a permit?
Often for attached structures or anything over ~120–200 sq ft. Freestanding garden pergolas are frequently exempt — but "frequently" is not "always." Check locally.
Can I DIY a pergola?
A simple PT-pine kit is a very doable weekend project for two handy people ($2,000–4,000 in materials). Custom cedar or louvered systems are pro territory.
How much shade does an open pergola give?
Roughly 40–60% depending on rafter spacing and sun angle — dappled shade, not full cover. Add a shade sail underneath for real sun protection at low cost.
Does a pergola add home value?
Modestly — appraisers credit outdoor living space, and buyers love them. Expect 40–60% return at resale; build it for your own use first.
How do I maintain it?
Stain/seal wood every 2–3 years; vinyl and aluminum just need washing. Check post bases and hardware annually — that is where failures start.